{"id":2504,"date":"2017-01-10T20:54:58","date_gmt":"2017-01-10T13:54:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.payitforward.edu.vn\/wordpress\/?page_id=2504"},"modified":"2017-01-11T21:00:18","modified_gmt":"2017-01-11T14:00:18","slug":"bai-4","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/payitforward.edu.vn\/wordpress\/tutorials\/dien-tu-co-ban-cho-sv-nam-nhat\/bai-4\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u00e0i 4"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 IC logic v\u00e0 IC latch 74HC595<\/span><\/h1>\n

Trong b\u00e0i n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i IC Logic th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 IC ch\u1ed1t 74HC595.<\/p>\n

I. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i IC Logic: <\/strong><\/h3>\n

1. S\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c logic:<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0M\u1ee9c Logic l\u00e0 1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n. C\u00f3 2 m\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u201c1\u201d (ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c\u00a0\u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p 12*VCC) v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u201c0\u201d (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p 1\u20442 VCC). M\u1ee9c \u201c1\u201d c\u0169ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c HIGH (m\u1ee9c cao). M\u1ee9c \u201c0\u201d c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c LOW (m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p).<\/p>\n

\"m\u1ee9c<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0* VCC l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n cho chip (IC) ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 5V, 3.3V, 12V…<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 2. Ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n logic v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i IC logic:<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 a. NOT:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea3o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i logic. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ng\u00f5 v\u00e0o c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c logic l\u00e0 1 th\u00ec ng\u00f5 ra s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c logic l\u00e0 0 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.
\nK\u00fd hi\u1ec7u to\u00e1n: x\u2019= v\u1edbi x l\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0o, v\u00e0 x\u2019 l\u00e0 ng\u00f5 ra.
\nK\u00fd hi\u1ec7u tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb:
\n\"not\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\"table\"
\nIC NOT: 74HC14. C\u00e1c em xem datasheet \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 ch\u00e2n c\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 (\u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft ch\u00e2n n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ng\u00f5 v\u00e0o (Input), ch\u00e2n n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ng\u00f5 ra (output), ch\u00e2n c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n (VCC) v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t (GND)).
\n*GND (Ground) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n \u201c\u0111\u1ea5t\u201d, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ed1i ch\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3 xu\u1ed1ng \u201c\u0111\u1ea5t\u201d<\/em>
\n Ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p cho m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n DC (m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u), trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o ch\u00e2n VCC, v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o ch\u00e2n GND.<\/em>
\n\"74HC14\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0b. AND:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

V\u1edbi to\u00e1n t\u1eed n\u00e0y, ng\u00f5 ra\u00a0ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng 1 ch\u1ec9 khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ng\u00f5 v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng 1.
\nK\u00fd hi\u1ec7u tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb:
\n\"and\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\"and<\/p>\n

IC 74HC08:<\/p>\n

\"74hc08\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 c. NAND:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

To\u00e1n t\u1eed tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi AND. Ng\u00f5 ra b\u1eb1ng 0 ch\u1ec9 khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u00f5 v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng 1.
\nK\u00fd hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb:
\n\"nand\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\"nand
\nIC 74HC00:
\n\"74HC00\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 d. OR:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Ng\u00f5 ra b\u1eb1ng 1 khi c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 1 ng\u00f5 v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng 1. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i ng\u00f5 ra b\u1eb1ng 0 khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ng\u00f5 v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng 0.
\nK\u00fd hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb:
\n\"or\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \"or
\nIC OR: 74HC32:
\n\"74HC32\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 e. NOR:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi to\u00e1n t\u1eed OR, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ng\u00f5 ra b\u1eb1ng 0 khi c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ng\u00f5 v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng 1, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i ng\u00f5 ra b\u1eb1ng 1 khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ng\u00f5 v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng 0.
\nK\u00fd hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb:
\n\"nor\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\"nor
\nIC NOR: 74HC02
\n\"74HC02\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0f. XOR:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

V\u1edbi ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n n\u00e0y, ng\u00f5 ra b\u1eb1ng 1 khi hai ng\u00f5 v\u00e0o kh\u00e1c nhau. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu hai ng\u00f5 v\u00e0o gi\u1ed1ng nhau th\u00ec ng\u00f5 ra b\u1eb1ng 0.
\nK\u00fd hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb:
\n\"Xor\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \"xor
\nIC XOR: 74HC86
\n\"74HC86\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 g. XNOR:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

To\u00e1n t\u1eed tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p nor, ng\u00f5 ra ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng 1 khi hai ng\u00f5 v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng nhau.
\n\"Xnor\"\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \"xnor
\nIC XNOR: 74HC266
\n\"74hc266\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 3. IC 74HC595:<\/strong><\/h3>\n

IC 74HC595 c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 IC d\u1ecbch ch\u1ed1t v\u1edbi m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u201c v\u00e0o n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 ra song song 8 bit\u201d v\u00e0 c\u00f3 3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ng\u00f5 ra.
\n\u201c D\u1ecbch \u201c<\/strong> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb logic v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ng\u00f5 v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a IC \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 l\u01b0u v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00f3 l\u1ec7nh x\u1eed l\u00ed.
\n\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00f5 v\u00e0o n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp: c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea1p v\u00e0o IC m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb t\u1eeb \u1edf t\u1eebng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f5 v\u00e0o.
\n\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00f5 ra song song: c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f5 ra v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea1p v\u00e0o IC tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac.
\nS\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u00e2n IC 74HC595:
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n